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The brain, an organ of immense metabolic activity, has long puzzled scientists with its method of waste disposal. The discovery of the glymphatic system revealed a brain-wide network of perivascular channels that facilitates the clearance of metabolic byproducts, including neurotoxic proteins like amyloid-beta and tau. This system relies on the

The rugged landscapes of Scotland are punctuated by a series of enigmatic ancient structures known as vitrified forts. These Iron Age hillforts are distinguished by their stone walls, which have been fused together into a glassy, rock-like substance. For centuries, the origin of this vitrification has been a subject of

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) represent a class of thousands of synthetic chemicals, globally recognized as "forever chemicals" due to the immense strength of their carbon-fluorine (C-F) bonds, which makes them extraordinarily resistant to environmental and biological degradation. Their widespread use in industrial applications and consumer products has

Ensuring global food security in the face of climate change, emerging pathogens, and increasing population pressure demands a paradigm shift in agricultural management. Current crop monitoring practices are largely reactive, relying on the observation of visible symptoms such as discoloration, wilting, or lesions. By the time these signs are apparent,

The complex vocalizations of cetaceans, particularly the echolocation clicks used for navigation, foraging, and communication, have long fascinated scientists. These sophisticated bioacoustic signals are hypothesized to possess grammatical structures and semantic content, akin to human language, but their intricacies remain largely undeciphered. Recent advancements in neuro-symbolic Artificial Intelligence (AI), which

The persistent challenge of managing and repurposing waste heat, a ubiquitous byproduct of industrial processes and energy consumption, necessitates innovative thermal transport control strategies. Phononic crystals (PnCs), engineered materials with periodic modulations of their acoustic properties, offer a promising avenue for manipulating phonon propagation and thus heat flow. Conventional PnCs

Mycelial networks, the vegetative bodies of fungi, represent vast, subterranean, self-organizing biological systems that underpin terrestrial ecosystem functioning through nutrient cycling and symbiotic relationships. Composed of intricate networks of interconnected hyphae, these organisms exhibit remarkable adaptability and responsiveness to their environment. Beyond their ecological significance, there is a burgeoning interest